Can you have a cat despite an allergy?

If you’re allergic to cats, you might think that owning one is out of the question. Many allergy sufferers keep their distance or live with constant itchy eyes just to enjoy a pet. However, there’s good news! Some cats may be less allergenic, and there are medications and even vaccines that can help. Let’s explore ways to manage cat allergies and find the best solution for you.

What causes cat allergies?

Cat allergies are caused by a protein called Fel d 1, found in cat saliva, skin, and urine. When cats groom themselves, this protein sticks to their fur and skin. When the fur sheds or tiny skin particles become airborne, they carry the protein with them. This is why people with allergies react even without direct contact with a cat.

Once in the air, these particles easily stick to furniture, clothes, and carpets. That’s why some people with cat allergies react even if they don’t own a cat. Their symptoms can appear when visiting homes or places where cats have been.

What does a cat allergy look like?

Symptoms of a cat allergy can vary from mild to severe, but they often include:

• Itchy, watery eyes
• Sneezing and a runny or stuffy nose
• Skin rash or hives
• Coughing or wheezing
• Trouble breathing (in severe cases)

Some people may experience symptoms right away, while others might react after a few hours.

How long do cat allergy symptoms last after exposure?

The duration of allergy symptoms depends on individual sensitivity and the amount of allergen exposure. Mild symptoms may fade within a few hours after leaving the cat’s presence, while more severe symptoms can last a day or two. Regular exposure without cleaning can lead to prolonged symptoms, as allergens stay on surfaces for weeks.

How to test for cat allergy at home

If you suspect you’re allergic to cats, you can try a simple home test:

1. Spend time with a cat in a controlled environment (like a friend’s home).
2. Monitor your symptoms. If you experience itching, sneezing, or other typical allergy signs, you might have an allergy.
3. You can also use at-home allergy test kits, which involve taking a small blood sample and sending it to a lab. This isn’t as accurate as a professional test but can offer some insight.

If you suspect a cat allergy, consulting an allergist is best for confirmation and tailored advice.

What are the best cats for people with allergies?

Some breeds are often considered more allergy-friendly, though no breed is completely hypoallergenic. Breeds commonly recommended include:

• Siberian: Known to produce less Fel d 1 protein, making them potentially less allergenic.
• Ragdoll: While not hypoallergenic, their lower grooming needs may help reduce allergens in the environment.
• Devon Rex and Cornish Rex: These breeds have less fur, which may help reduce the spread of allergens.
• Sphynx (hairless cats): With no fur, they shed less allergen-carrying dander. However, they need regular bathing to remove oils.

It’s important to remember that allergen levels vary even within a breed. If you’re interested in a specific breed, spend time with individual cats to see how you react. Many breeders and rescue organisations offer opportunities for you to interact with the cats before bringing one home.

How do you get rid of cat allergies?

To get rid of cat allergies, you have several options. Over-the-counter antihistamines can relieve symptoms, while stronger prescription medications may be needed for severe cases. Immunotherapy involves allergy shots that gradually desensitise you to allergens but requires commitment. Meanwhile, regular cleaning with a HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) vacuum, frequent washing of bedding, and using air purifiers can help reduce allergens in your home.

Medication that provides temporary relief

Over-the-counter antihistamines, like loratadine or cetirizine, can relieve itchy eyes and sneezing for short periods. If these don’t work, ask your doctor about prescription medications. Allergy eye drops or nasal sprays may also help reduce symptoms. 

Are there vaccines for cat allergies?

Yes, immunotherapy is an option for severe cat allergies. This treatment involves regular injections of small amounts of the allergen over a few years. Over time, the body builds up tolerance to cat allergens, reducing the severity of symptoms.

Immunotherapy requires commitment – shots are given weekly at first, then spaced out over time. Typically, treatments last at least three years. This is generally recommended for people with severe reactions who have unavoidable exposure to cats, rather than for those hoping to get a cat.

How to avoid cat allergies in the home

If you live with a cat or plan to get one, here are some ways to minimise allergens at home:

1. Create a cat-free zone: Designate at least one room (like the bedroom) where the cat isn’t allowed. This gives you an allergen-free space.
2. Use an air purifier: HEPA air purifiers can help trap airborne allergens, reducing their presence in your home.
3. Regular cleaning: Wash bedding, vacuum frequently (preferably with a vacuum that has a HEPA filter), and mop floors to reduce allergens.
4. Groom your cat: Bathing your cat weekly (if they tolerate it) and brushing them can help reduce dander. Use gloves or get someone else to help if you’re allergic.
5. Wash your hands and clothes: After petting or holding your cat, washing your hands can reduce allergen spread.

How to stop itchy eyes from cat allergies

If itchy eyes are your main symptom, eye drops can help. Over-the-counter antihistamine eye drops, such as sodium cromoglicate, provide relief from itching and redness. You can also use a cold compress to soothe swollen, itchy eyes. If you wear contact lenses, switch to glasses, as lenses can trap allergens.

Can cat allergies go away with exposure?

Some people find that their allergies lessen with regular exposure to cats, but this isn’t guaranteed. This process, called ‘desensitisation,’ can happen naturally but usually takes years. However, allergy symptoms may still flare up occasionally. Immunotherapy can speed up this process by training the immune system to tolerate allergens more effectively.

How to get rid of cat allergies naturally

While medications help, there are natural options for managing allergies:

• Keep your home clean: Regular cleaning, especially in areas your cat spends time, helps reduce allergens.
• Reduce stress: Stress can worsen allergy symptoms. Practising relaxation techniques might help you cope better.
• Probiotics: Some studies suggest that a healthy gut may support a balanced immune response, possibly helping with allergy symptoms. Discuss with a healthcare provider before starting supplements.

Can you develop an allergy to cats?

Yes, you can develop an allergy to cats at any age, even if you’ve previously been around them with no issues. Allergies can develop or worsen over time as the immune system changes.

Can cat allergies go away?

In some cases, allergies lessen as people age. Others find their symptoms reduce after years of regular exposure to cats. However, this varies widely from person to person.

Importantly, cat allergies don’t necessarily have to mean a life without cats. With the right breed choice, home environment, and treatments, many allergy sufferers can live happily with a feline friend.

Cat allergies FAQs